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ČSN EN 1996-1-1 (1) The basis for the design of building and civil engineering works in masonry is given in this document, which deals with unreinforced masonry, reinforced masonry and confined masonry. Principles for the design of prestressed masonry are also given. (2) This document is not valid for masonry elements with a plan area of less than 0,04 m2. (3) Reinforced masonry and confined masonry built with Group 4 units and subjected to mainly vertical loading are not covered by this document. (4) This document gives detailed rules which are mainly applicable to ordinary buildings. The applicability of these rules can be limited, for practical reasons or due to simplifications; any limits of applicability are given in the text where necessary. (5) Execution is covered to the extent that is necessary to indicate the quality of the construction materials and products that are to be used and the standard of workmanship on site needed to comply with the assumptions made in the design rules. (6) For those types of structures not covered entirely, for new structural uses for established materials, for new materials, or where actions and other influences outside normal experience have to be resisted, the provisions given in this document can be applied, but with possible need for supplements. (7) This document does not cover: - resistance to fire (which is dealt with in EN 1996-1-2); - particular aspects of special types of building (for example, dynamic effects on tall buildings); - particular aspects of special types of civil engineering works (such as masonry bridges, dams, chimneys or liquid-retaining structures); - particular aspects of special types of structures (such as arches or domes); - masonry where gypsum, with or without cement, mortars are used; - masonry where the units are not laid in a regular pattern of courses (rubble masonry); - masonry reinforced with other materials than steel.